Augmented Reality (AR) in Command and Control Processes: A Comparison of Presentation Types for the Transmission of Auditory Orders Traditional radio communication in emergency and military operations is hindered by auditory overload, lack of visual reinforcement, and susceptibility to environmental distractions. Augmented Reality (AR) presents a promising solution by integrating visual cues with auditory messages to improve efficiency and reduce cognitive strain. This study investigates different AR-based instruction delivery methods through two independent experiments. Study A (n=200) examines the impact of continuous text vs. bullet-point presentation in AR on cognitive load and accuracy in a drawing task. Results indicate that while bullet points enable faster processing, they also lead to more errors, whereas continuous text improves accuracy but increases cognitive effort. Study B (n=9) compares audio-only, audio + text, and audio + symbols instruction methods. Findings reveal that AR-enhanced approaches significantly reduce errors and are preferred by users over audio-only instructions, demonstrating their potential in high-stress command-and-control environments. These findings align with Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), highlighting the importance of adaptive information presentation to optimize task performance and user experience. The study underscores the potential of AR to revolutionize emergency response and military communications, providing more resilient, multi-modal instruction systems for critical operations.     «

Augmented Reality (AR) in Command and Control Processes: A Comparison of Presentation Types for the Transmission of Auditory Orders Traditional radio communication in emergency and military operations is hindered by auditory overload, lack of visual reinforcement, and susceptibility to environmental distractions. Augmented Reality (AR) presents a promising solution by integrating visual cues with auditory messages to improve efficiency and reduce cognitive strain. This study investigates differe...     »